PVE虚拟机磁盘扩容
由于刚开始磁盘空间设置太小,后服务器用来做云存储导致磁盘空间不足,在次环境下需要对磁盘进行扩容操作。以下主要记录在PVE环境下, Linux虚拟机磁盘扩容及系统根目录大小调整步骤。
一、PVE磁盘映像扩容
首先需要在PVE管理WEB页对虚拟机的磁盘映像进行扩容, 类似于物理机上对存储的物理磁盘进行扩容。具体步骤为:
- 选中“虚拟机 -> 硬件 -> 磁盘”
- Disk Action -> Resize
- 在弹出对话框中输入要增加的大小
- 点击弹出窗“调整磁盘大小”按钮确定
二、虚拟机扩容
通过;命令行工具登陆Linux服务器
1. 查看磁盘
(1) 执行 “sudo fdisk -l” 命令查看磁盘大小是否改变
Disk /dev/sda: 256 GiB, 274877906944 bytes, 536870912 sectors
Disk model: QEMU HARDDISK
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: E34826F9-50DB-4B45-9C97-A0AED4594306
Device Start End Sectors Size Type
/dev/sda1 2048 4095 2048 1M BIOS boot
/dev/sda2 4096 4198399 4194304 2G Linux filesystem
/dev/sda3 4198400 125827071 121628672 58G Linux filesystem
可以看到磁盘已经扩容到256G, 但系统分区还是未改变。
2.扩容分区
(1) 执行 “parted /dev/sda” 命令, 此处的 “/dev/sda” 是上边查询到的磁盘路径, 需要根据具体磁盘路径修改。
Using /dev/sda
Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
(2) 执行 “print” 命令, 打印磁盘分区
Model: QEMU QEMU HARDDISK (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 275GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size File system Name Flags
1 1049kB 2097kB 1049kB bios_grub
2 2097kB 2150MB 2147MB ext4
3 2150MB 64.4GB 62.3GB
(3) 执行 “resizepart 3 100%”, 此处的 “3” 代表的是上边打印磁盘分区之后需要扩容的分区编号。
(4) 执行 “quit” 退出命令。
(5) 执行 “pvresize /dev/sda3” 命令更新磁盘大小。
(6) 执行 “sudo fdisk -l” 命令查看扩容结果。
Disk /dev/loop0: 47.99 MiB, 50323456 bytes, 98288 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/loop1: 63.22 MiB, 66293760 bytes, 129480 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/loop2: 47.98 MiB, 50315264 bytes, 98272 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/loop3: 102.98 MiB, 107986944 bytes, 210912 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/loop4: 61.96 MiB, 64966656 bytes, 126888 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/loop5: 79.95 MiB, 83832832 bytes, 163736 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/sda: 256 GiB, 274877906944 bytes, 536870912 sectors
Disk model: QEMU HARDDISK
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: E34826F9-50DB-4B45-9C97-A0AED4594306
Device Start End Sectors Size Type
/dev/sda1 2048 4095 2048 1M BIOS boot
/dev/sda2 4096 4198399 4194304 2G Linux filesystem
/dev/sda3 4198400 536870878 532672479 254G Linux filesystem
可以看到, /dev/sda3 的大小已经变更, 但是执行 “df -h” 会发现, 磁盘根目录大小并没有变化。
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
tmpfs 393M 1.1M 392M 1% /run
/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv 57G 11G 44G 20% /
tmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock
/dev/sda2 2.0G 247M 1.6G 14% /boot
tmpfs 393M 4.0K 393M 1% /run/user/1000
3.扩容逻辑卷
(1) 执行 “sudo vgdisplay” 命令, 查看逻辑卷信息
--- Volume group ---
VG Name ubuntu-vg
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 5
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 1
Open LV 1
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size <254.00 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 65023
Alloc PE / Size 65023 / <254.00 GiB
Free PE / Size 0 / 0
VG UUID cxllzg-nf3c-QmNe-mtP3-sA8G-eIuZ-Tvp1jm
(2) 执行 “df -h” 查看挂载路径
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
tmpfs 393M 1.1M 392M 1% /run
/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv 57G 11G 44G 20% /
tmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock
/dev/sda2 2.0G 247M 1.6G 14% /boot
tmpfs 393M 4.0K 393M 1% /run/user/1000
(3) 执行 “sudo lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv” 划分全部空闲分区给逻辑分区
New size (9727 extents) matches existing size (9727 extents).
(4) 执行 “sudo resize2fs -p /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv” 扩容根目录挂载逻辑分区。
resize2fs 1.46.5 (30-Dec-2021)
Filesystem at /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv is mounted on /; on-line resizing required
old_desc_blocks = 8, new_desc_blocks = 32
The filesystem on /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv is now 66583552 (4k) blocks long.
(5) 此时再执行 “df -h” 命令可以看到, 根目录大小已经变更。
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
tmpfs 393M 1.1M 392M 1% /run
/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv 250G 11G 229G 5% /
tmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock
/dev/sda2 2.0G 247M 1.6G 14% /boot
tmpfs 393M 4.0K 393M 1% /run/user/1000